French football is facing a serious crisis. This is not a scoop, but the announcement of the record deficit of 180 million euros of professional clubs, including 140 million for the Ligue 1 confirm that it is time for professional clubs to roll up your sleeves. The deficit can not be filled solely by television rights, which represent between 50% and 80% of revenues French professional clubs, the objective is to generate revenue differently.

Sponsorship, ticketing, derivatives are all growth drivers for which France is lagging behind its European neighbors. "The Italian model is télédépendant, the Spanish club works with the assessment of the socios, the English clubs is very balanced between TV rights and ticket sales, such as German clubs who comes close," says Vincent warmShe, expert in sports department of Ineum Consulting.The French clubs, meanwhile, have historically focused their efforts on the sporting side, including the purchase or sale of players. However, the basis of any economic model in football is to have a stadium that can generate other revenue. "

Meanwhile Euro 2016

Several clubs are advancing on this issue in particular to the organization of Euro 2016. 1.7 billion euros were invested in the construction of four stadiums (Lille, Lyon, Nice and Bordeaux) and the renovation of eight (Paris, Lens, Toulouse, Saint-Etienne, Nancy, Saint-Denis, Strasbourg and Marseille ). 61% of this amount will be financed by the private sector. According to a study published by the specialist sports marketing and sponsorship, Sportfive, these renovations will generate 183 million euros in additional revenue annually for the French professional clubs."Unlike 1998, when two thirds of the total amount had been invested in the Stade de France for Euro 2016, the sum will be invested in various stages of Ligue 1. This does not mean that it will be 2016 to see the return on investment of this event, but probably two or three years, "said Vincent warmShe.

Meanwhile, an increase in revenue, French clubs are left to wish for a better management of expenditure of Spanish clubs, English or Italian. Hence the idea of financial fair play, which will be implemented in two years. They also hope the state will reduce their tax burdens. In vain. The French clubs will happen for example the exemption of 30% due to the image rights group.

"An alarming situation"

Less revenue, and therefore, if financial fair play will be implemented, less cost for French football.Our business model is in danger? "I do not think, but he went through a difficult period. Moreover, the French football is currently adapting its business model, but the process starts up slowly, because, unlike their European counterparts, most French clubs do not own their stadium and have yet to facing some opposition at the local level, "he says. Frederic Thiriez, the president of the Professional Football League, usually optimistic, yet cowardly: "The situation is alarming.And even if the net loss of French football is closer to the individual losses of some clubs in English or Spanish, by themselves superior to our deficit, and that the French clubs' debt of 140 million euros compared to three billion accumulated debt of Spanish clubs or four billion of English football. "

Germany as an example

It is understood that football is above all a show. And to provide the best entertainment club must both retain its best players and other hand acquire new just as good. But this model is viable only if the team acquires shares in question, particularly in Europe. However, no French club has won the European Cup from Marseille and PSG in the 90s … "The example shows that Tottenham can generate a lot of money without being European frequently.Again, the problem "stage" is paramount. In England, it was perfectly resolved. This does not prevent that some English clubs have suffered the brunt of the crisis. It would not surprise me that the German football compete more seriously come to English football in two or three years. It generates more revenue from commercial and brings more people into the stadiums. Rest TV rights, "said Vincent warmShe.

Anyway, it is time that the French clubs are considering setting up a new business model, less dependent on television rights, which could also decrease with the possible withdrawal of Orange, and linked to other stadium revenue by a real living. "There is no miracle solution, concludes an expert. We must proceed gradually on each file (stadiums, financial fair play, sponsorship, taxation …)».The organization of Euro 2016 with the construction of new stadiums that will be a turning point.

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Rollaway odd jobs "black" companies "forget" to declare certain benefits … The small and big tricks to earn more without paying taxes or social security in developed countries are becoming increasingly common thanks to crisis. In escaping the state controls, individuals like firms engage in what economists call the informal economy, or underground.

"Because of the economic crisis, the shadow economy in 2010 will have increased in developed countries, after rising in 2009, wrote in a recent study by Friedrich Schneider, Austrian economist and specialist in the informal economy. According to his calculations, the share of the unofficial economy in the gross domestic product (GDP) in OECD countries rose by 13.3% in 2008 to 14% in 2010.In France, this ratio increased from 11.1% to 11.7%.

The increase may seem small, but it puts an end to the downward trend going back to the late 1990s. The Baltic and Mediterranean European countries experiencing the highest ratios. The shadow economy represents 25% of GDP in Greece and around 40% in Latvia and Estonia, as the work of Schneider. So many countries where the crisis hit harder than elsewhere.

To compensate for loss of income

Job losses, layoffs … revenue base with the crisis. "Many people try to compensate for their declining revenues through greater participation in informal transactions," says Friedrich Schneider.Among the top sectors fueling the underground economy, are the building trades and crafts, including the restoration, "he observes.

The underground economy is not always a bad thing. "I think the increase in informal activities during a crisis can avoid a recession even greater," said Friedrich Schneider. "Individuals and businesses earn more money, they can spend in the formal economy."

Fraud Investigations

In the Directorate of Legislation, recovery and service (Dirr), we measure the effects of the crisis on French companies thanks to anti-fraud investigations conducted in 2009. "A society that has problems is more likely to be in violation," said executive vice president of control, Jean-Michel Guerra.

To avoid bloodshed, but the controllers have been instructed to be conciliatory. The time granted in 2009 to companies in trouble when adjustments on previous years, usually stable, jumped 58%. Still, delinquencies have increased during the recovery of a half point, to 1.45%, from 12.5 billion euros.

One last figure: last year, the number of minutes prepared for working illegally jumped 27%, in part, it is true, thanks to control operations more focused and more frequent. The crisis should be felt in the figures of the anti-fraud encopre for several years. The controls on the activities of companies are indeed made for two to three years thereafter.

The report Roussely "makes everything from scratch," says one minister who claims to have read the full version. The summary released Tuesday, which has probably erased the strongest criticism against the EPR and dissension between players of the team of France's nuclear confirms.

The EPR to review

"The EPR is unsellable!" It is the summary, very raw, made by a government report's findings Roussely. In the version now public, it says still that "the complexity of the resulting EPR design choices, including the level of power (1,650 megawatts, MW), (…) is certainly a handicap for its implementation and costs. The report recommends a "value", which will be waged not only by its manufacturer, Areva, but also by EDF.

The TTY, a new reactor

The Elysee Palace announced that the range of proposed reactor would be enlarged.The average reactor power (1 000-1 150 MW), the TDD, developed by Areva with Japan's Mitsubishi, is reinforced. And, adds the Elysee, more lenient than Roussely with atomic ambitions Mestrallet, GDF Suez will be "associated" with its certification.

Areva will not be dismantled

Mentioned a few months ago, the dismantling of Areva was quickly dismissed by Francois Roussely. Two reasons: Areva offers a complete service to its clients elsewhere in the integrated model "would spread the financial risk and ensure profitability Honourable average in every cycle," the report said.

A Department of Energy

The Elysee has not taken the number one recommendation of the report: "create a Department of Energy. Energy is currently under the tutelage of the vast Department of Ecology Jean-Louis Borloo, who claims consistency.Alternative proposed by Francois Roussely: General Secretariat of Energy. The idea is in any case that the state retains control over the sector.

Open mining Areva

The nuclear group is the largest producer of uranium in the world. This work is very consuming capital. Or Areva in dire need right now. The report mentions the Roussely creation of a new mining company in which Areva would bring its mines and it would retain a majority stake. The other shareholders could be its customers, including EDF, the first of them. Without being very specific, the head of state does not preclude such a scenario. "Partnerships for industrial mining of Areva, which may include a capital dimension, will be discussed," said the Elysee statement said.It is not clear so far whether Eramet (Nickel), 26% owned by Areva, will participate in one way or another to the mining company.

Wear the life of plants to 60 years

Francois Roussely judge that longer duration of twenty years of French reactors strengthens the economic competitiveness of nuclear power. But security will prevail on the extension.

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"EDF could take a stake in Areva

The Indians had the Nano, the cheapest car in the world. The students in the country, they are in primary school or university, may affect next year shelf fourteen times less expensive than Apple iPad. Thursday, Minister of Human Resources and Development, Kapil Sibal, presented a prototype computer only 35 dollars (27 euros). "This is part of a national initiative to advance education," said the minister, warning that "the solutions for tomorrow will come from India."

The announced $ 35 nonetheless remains entirely at the cost of the final product, but at the cost of all its parts. What remains still far from the $ 235 materials included in the first iPad, according to estimates from iSuppli. To reach this amount, the Indian teams have bet on free software and a more conventional design.The Indian touch pad will have 2 GB of memory, Wi-Fi and USB ports. It will have video conferencing capabilities, will be able to read most common office formats, PDFs and video, and of course surf the Internet. An optional solar charging was also discussed. In parallel, broadband will be installed in all the 22,000 Indian colleges.

"Our response to the computer to $ 100"

With this initiative, the Indian government seeks to empower the world's most modern educational No checking account payday advance. The literacy rate in the country remains 63% below those of other developing countries. But the achievement also sounds like a technological challenge launched in the United States.The Indian shelf was designed by a group of academics, after that IT groups have shown little enthusiasm for such a project. "This is our response to the $ 100 computer at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), launched by the Minister Kapil Sibal said, referring to the U.S. initiative" One Laptop per Child ", whose price has finally doubled because of difficulties of large-scale production.

With this initiative, India does not want to experience the same disappointments. Kapil Sibal assures that the tablet is already "real and tangible. India is currently negotiating with several subcontractors to begin mass production. One million computers should be produced during the first phase of launch. The deployment will begin in the universities, before being extended to primary and secondary.The government could finance the purchase of computers by 50%. Ultimately, the goal is to reduce the cost only ten dollars.

The video presentation of the tablet:

Yoplait whets the appetite. The investment fund PAI Partners, the owner since June 2002 half of the capital, examines three hypotheses for the future of the world's second largest fresh dairy products, which reported last year a turnover of 891 million euros and an operating profit of 120 million. With virtually no debt, Yoplait is valued 1.3 billion euros. With several investment banks, PAI is considering a recapitalization of Yoplait, for acquisitions and a divestiture of its stake. No decision has yet been taken at this stage, given the complexity of the case.

Sodiaal launched the Yoplait brand in 1965. In 2002, the dairy cooperative (Candia, Rich Mountain), through a serious crisis, had to sell 50% stake in its branch yoghurts and PAI commit to leave the choice of leaders. Today in better health, she would regain control.Not sure it is able to spend as much cash as the only means of payment accepted by PAI. Especially as it finalizes the acquisition of Entremont. "The conditions for resumption Entremont n'obéreront not our ability to maneuver on Yoplait, Le Figaro said in February its director general, Claude Sendowski. Sodiaal has the clear desire not to leave the ultra-fresh. "

Although the maintenance of capital Sodiaal Yoplait seems acquired its takeover is not. Therefore, the output of PAI can be done if Sodiaal agrees to let his future co-shareholder control of management of Yoplait, owned by PAI contract. The investment funds and Sodiall long-standing opposition to a crucial point: IBP transfer this control along with its 50%? "The purchaser will have management control, said a potential buyer.No one will pay a high price for simply looking out the window. If this had been resolved, the assignment would be curly for two years … "

Lactalis ambush

To break the impasse, he would have agreed to cede Sodiaal stake in Yoplait. Lactalis cheese group (President, Galbani) has formed a joint venture with Nestle yoghurts, has never hidden his interest in the brand. Funds, Permira and BC Partners as it prepares the sale of Picard might be interested. The U.S. company General Mills, the largest franchisee of Yoplait for thirty years, would look into the matter. Yoplait has developed both through subsidiaries and franchise agreements. "Yoplait is the largest in the United States in France," says one at General Mills.

Pending a change in the capital, PAI and Sodiaal could agree on other tracks.Yoplait, which completed its debt, could start to borrow to buy back a portion of its capital. The company considers a prey, could also become predatory, and engage in acquisitions, for example by acquiring franchisees in emerging countries. In March 2009, Yoplait has repurchased 68.6 million shares of EUR (49%) of British Dairy Crest, in their joint venture founded in 1991, which sells in Britain and Yop Little tricksters.

Meanwhile measure the effects of the broad financial reform approved by Congress, the giants of Wall Street continued their slow recovery. Citigroup, which had managed to exit the first quarter of 2010 after losing a total of $ 29 billion between 2008 and 2009, has confirmed his return to profits between March and June The third U.S. lender has reported net earnings of $ 2.7 billion, down 37% over a year. For its part, Bank of America, the first U.S. retail bank, posted net income of $ 3.1 billion, a slight decrease of 4%. The day before, JPMorgan had announced a profit of 4.8 billion, up 76%.

If the performance of these three giants of Wall Street have exceeded the expectations of financial analysts, they are far from convincing.The banks, in effect, save their profits fall in provisions for doubtful debts, which remain however very high levels. At Citigroup, they have a charge of $ 6.7 billion, the lowest in almost three years. For Bank of America, the drain $ 8.1 billion against $ 9.8 billion in the first quarter and still $ 16.4 billion a year ago pay day loan lenders.

Less capital raising

More than three years after the start of the crisis in the housing, the improvement of conditions in the shy USA relieves borrowers. But business remains sluggish, as evidenced by the decrease in revenues of large banks: – 33% for Citigroup – 18% for Bank of America – 7% for JPMorgan. The great challenge for these players is to reach boost their sales."It will be several more quarters to see a sustainable activity," warns Brian Moynihan, the CEO of Bank of America.

Last year, the Wall Street banks had managed to offset the gloom with an exceptional year in the investment bank, with capital raising records. Alas, this windfall is gone and instead the second quarter under the sign of the crisis of European sovereign countries was characterized by high volatility and lower risk appetite. This scenario weighs on commissions and revenue from emissions trading.

Brussels pulls the alarm. Mobile phones, fiber optics, lithium batteries, solar panels, all these high-tech products depend for their manufacture, rare metals such as gallium and germanium. Problem: almost all of these raw materials become strategic in the hands of a handful of countries no fax pay day loan. Foremost among them China.

The European Commission released a report Thursday that is concerned about future shortages for fourteen of these elements, termed "critical" (*).

The manufacturer Gemalto smart cards issued Thursday its results for the year in france 2009. The turnover declined by 1.5%, reaching 1.654 billion euros. The net lost 3.27% on a year to 148 million euros. For the first time in its history, the company will pay its first dividend, to 25 cents per share.

The group's operating income amounted to 171 million euros (1.18%), although it is cut by 11 million euros. Indeed Gemalto had to make provision for this sum to settle a malfunction on smart cards in Germany.

During Gemalto has accelerated its growth in external spending 74 million euros for six acquisitions, including a company specializing in mobile electronic signature cashadvance .

Outlook 2010

In 2010, the priority is "growth through the active promotion of our expanded portfolio of products and broader distribution of our range of software and services to our customers, to increase our operating income towards the goal we set ourselves an operating result of 300 million euros in 2013, "the group said in a statement.

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Le Figaro. Why start a new international conference?

Richard Attias. – It lacked an event exclusively dedicated to economic issues. It is a central issue both for policymakers and for the general public who suffers face opacity and inconsistency of financial news. In 18 months, nearly 60% of business leaders have changed. A new generation arrives at the controls ready to transform existing business models. He needs a place for dialogue which aims to be pragmatic, that is the vocation of the New York Forum.

How does the New York Forum, from Davos?

I worked 13 years in the organization of Davos remains a very nice event overall, covering dozens of topics with thousands of participants.The New York Forum, it will be "100% business" and located in the heart of New York, which embodies the essence of the vitality and entrepreneurship.

How did you design the event?

It is above all, a platform dedicated to collaborations and partnerships. I work for several states with SWFs are very demanding lighting and development relationship with the business. As for regulators, they are increasingly present. These are all players that we will meet, by invitation, without exceeding the 500 participants, half of which will end U.S. market. My experience leads me to prefer this size to remain productive and systematically guide the discussions towards future action. The forum will take place on 22, 23, June 24Why not lead to a series of proposals which would be submitted 48 hours later, the G20 Toronto? We thus completing the bridge creating with policymakers.

What role will the "New York Times?

Arthur Sulzberger (Chairman of the New York Times editor's note) was immediately captivated by the project and made a look as exciting as constructive. His newspaper is the official media sponsor of the forum, including the closing ceremony will be held at the magnificent New York Times. But beyond this prestigious partnership, I stress the educational dimension of the event. The expectation of the general public for decryption is immense in the field of economics. We must respond in order to reconstruct the conditions of the trust.

Who owns the New York Forum "?

At The Experience, the company I founded in May 2008, after leaving the Publicis group in which I had spent ten years of personal business card . So I sold the 40% of the shares that I held in Publicis Live, Geneva, and I wanted to create a structure dedicated to the design and production of proprietary events. This is the case of the New York Forum "The Experience which takes only funding. My desire is to get involved so the full content of the events j'orchestre. This was already partly the case with the Conference of Nobel Laureates in Petra.

Meanwhile, you've made a detour via Dubai. Have you lost money?

No, because I had not personal assets.I was asked to take the reins of the Dubai Events Management, a Crown corporation in which no private person can not hold shares. I've recruited about thirty employees. Our mission was to exploit the strategic location of Dubai and its fabulous infrastructure, to make it one of the largest producers of world events. We have thus established the "Dubai Fashion Week, started the rehabilitation of the old neighborhood" Al Bastakya, partnered with ESPN, the sports channel from Disney, and the Metropolitan Opera in New York. On my suggestion that this company was, in 2009, sleep, given the international economic situation. I took the opportunity to relaunch The Experience that state of Dubai has helped me to locate there.Our headquarters is in New York we also have branches in Paris and Saudi Arabia.

What other accomplishments of The Experience?

In June 2009, we orchestrated the tenth anniversary of the accession to the throne of King of Jordan, which was attended by 15 000 people. We then set up in Bahrain, an international forum devoted to education. Its success led us to organize the second edition in October. Finally, we put our know-how to the foundation of my wife, Cecilia, who is dedicated to the cause of women around the world. Precisely parallel the New York Forum, there will be a conference called "Dialog for Action". It aims to bring together, on the one hand, NGOs involved in defending the rights of women and on the other, business leaders, politicians, and various experts.Again, the goal is to achieve a plan of action. A commitment.

Google introduced late Thursday its quarterly results counted for the period July-August-September. The profit comes up 27% to 1.638 billion dollars (1.097 billion), or earnings per share of 5.89 dollars, against 5.42 dollars expected by analysts. The turnover is also above market expectations which was banking on 4.24 billion dollars and which finally reached 5.944 billion dollars.

"Google had a good quarter (…) we saw a 7% growth in turnover over one year despite difficult economic conditions," said Schmidt, the CEO of the group. "We are now very optimistic about the future," he added.

Towards a recovery of investment

The U.S. giant said he was ready, through its director general, to "invest heavily" now that "the worst of the recession is past."There are 12 months (..) we decided to sail cautiously" facing the worst crisis in a generation, he said. "Now it is important to return to what we do well, innovate and invest."

For over ten years, the company specializes in the detection of small companies considered promising and may be enhanced by synergies with its operations. Among its most massive acquisitions, we find the redemption of the Youtube video platform in October 2006 for 1.65 billion dollars.

The group based in California, which had already indicated last month it was considering acquisitions, with 22 billion dollars in cash at 30 September, enough to finance several acquisitions.

In electronic trading after the close of business action gained 2.90% after the announcement of its results.