The G20 summit opened in Cannes on Thursday in an acute crisis. President Nicolas Sarkozy had to leave an extraordinary meeting of the euro area to hold under a rainy sky guests, leaders of 20 leading world economies.

The crisis in the euro area has so encroached on the official program that the French president had to cancel his meeting with Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Sing. French President Barack Obama had previously met face-to-head and seems to have gained the support of the United States for its proposed financial transactions tax cash till payday.

The political changes in Athens have also punctuated the start of the summit. Returning to Greece after being scolded by Nicolas Sarkozy and Angela Merkel on Wednesday, Prime Minister George Papandreou is facing the sling of his own ministers.Rumors of resignation are insistent, despite denials from the Prime Minister.

On Thursday afternoon, the G20 countries were in flooring solutions to end the crisis, reform the international monetary system, and the increase of IMF funds. If the crisis in the euro area permits.

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After suffering a decline of more than 3% yesterday, the Paris Stock Exchange on Tuesday recidivism holiday. The CAC 40 began the session on a sharp decline from 1.89% to 3185.30 points before to increase its losses. He plunged from 3.09% to 3142.59 points in the opening minutes of the transactions. In its wake, the Dax in Frankfurt was down 3.37% and the FTSE-100 in London lost 1.71%. Madrid plunged by almost 3%.

Traders are not present reassured by the fences down Asian markets this morning and those of the U.S. financial markets yesterday. They are again assailed by doubts about the debt situation in Europe. Operators including questioning the ability of banks to recapitalize."Without real support of the economy, the Agreement on Greece will not have any real effect," said Michael James.

Greece still worried

Greece, in fact, placed his fate in the hands of the people by deciding to hold a referendum on the decisions of the European Summit of 26 October. "The will of the Greek people be binding on us," said Prime Minister George Papandreou, who will also seek a confidence vote in Parliament on the agreement on debt. If 'no' wins, the Greek Constitution mandates the holding of early parliamentary elections. "This will plunge the country into an economic downturn and unprecedented political," says a member also left anonymously. The news was greeted coolly by the markets on Tuesday.

The European trend: in Frankfurt, Deutsche Bank loose 7.5%, 10% and Commerzbank. In Zurich, Credit Suisse, which announced 1,500 job cuts, collapses to 8.98%.

• EDF: -2.33% to 21.20 euros

The group said Monday it has reached an agreement with the Italian shareholders of Edison on the principles of the reorganization of the second Italian electrician, announced as a step closer to taking control of it.

• Air France-KLM: -3.03% to 5.34 euros

The atmosphere was quiet and posted a thirty flights per hour at Paris Orly airport on Tuesday morning, the fourth day of the strike of hostesses and stewards of Air France, found an AFP .

2010 marks a departure for French exports of military equipment. With a total of 5.12 billion euros, they are falling over 8.1 billion garnered in 2009 (6.5 billion in 2008). The objective of Paris was to beat all its records by signing for "at least 10 billion of export contracts" is more or less the equivalent of what the French army spending for its own every year.

Nevertheless, the government notes in the twelfth edition of its report to parliament on arms exports to France for 2010, "France has maintained fourth largest exporter of defense equipment (…) in a situation difficult ".

The world export market has stabilized at 70 billion euros.And in total military spending worldwide have slowed to 1.127 trillion euros, an increase of over 1% against a growth of 5% per year between 2001 and 2009. "Over the decade," the report notes, "the United States, the European Union, where Britain and France stand out, Russia and Israel share 90% of the export market."

The decline in export activity in 2010 due to the lag of several large contracts – as in 2009, with sales in Brazil of four submarines and 50 helicopters – that France hoped to sign the year last.

Remarkable performances

In discussions since 2009, the contract for the sale of two ships of projection and command (BPC) Mistral class in Russia was finally signed in June 2011 between DCNS and Rosoboronexport to 1.1 billion euros.It is therefore not recorded in 2010.

And ongoing negotiations with several countries to sell the Rafale combat aircraft built by Dassault Aviation, have not yet been completed. Among the most promising, the Brazilian has cooled with the decision of the President Rousseff to defer any decision to buy 36 fighter in 2012. The second, United Arab Emirates, is still active.

Negotiations, that France hoped to see succeed in 2010, continues with Abu Dhabi. Just over a week, Gerard Longuet had found that Paris had entered "a final negotiation." The defense minister had described as "very high" probability that the contract is concluded. France and the UAE have been negotiating the sale of 2008 copies of 60 Rafale.The French fighter is also short list in India along with the Eurofighter, developed by EADS, BAE and Finmeccanica to supply 126 aircraft to the Indian Army.

France can also expect to have the benefits of its commitment to Libya where the effectiveness of French equipment was again demonstrated (after including Afghanistan) under real conditions in a theater of operation. Of these, the performance of Tiger helicopters (EADS) and the Rafale, whose versatility allows him to perform all the tasks (surveillance, attack in depth, defensive etc.) were noted. "This is the only aircraft in the world capable of performing such a feat today," says a military engaged in Operation Harmattan.

For France, the stakes are high because the Rafale irrigates the French industry, including Ile-de-France and Aquitaine.The French fighter involved 500 industrial partners and represents more than 8000 jobs in total.

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"Europe will have solved all its problems before the G20." German Chancellor Angela Merkel and President Nicolas Sarkozy, who met in the late afternoon in Berlin for a working meeting to discuss the crisis of the euro were at their common determination to do everything to save Europe. They set a schedule for the challenges that currently threaten the single currency must be resolved before the Cannes Summit, the 3 and 4 November, where the 20 richest countries in the world will gather under the French Presidency.

No concrete decisions

Paris and Berlin agree on everything kept repeating the two leaders. In particular the need to "take the necessary measures to recapitalize banks", according to Angela Merkel, or rather to "strengthen the capital structure of banks in Europe," according to Nicolas Sarkozy.A semantic nuance that neither one nor the other details provided. The "details" will be specified later they have promised, even suggesting an EU summit scheduled for October 17 and 18 and qu'unEurogroupe quick pay day loan. This lack of concrete decisions may be poorly received by financial markets because it gives the impression that there are still differences between Paris and Berlin on how the European financial stabilization (EFSF) must be used to strengthen bank capital.

However, the two leaders seem more attuned to the desire to strengthen economic integration Lazone euro. It will require "significant changes" to the European Treaties, provided Nicolas Sarkozy.All these elements will be subject to comprehensive proposals before the end of the month, concluded Angela Merkel and Nicolas Sarkozy.

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"To fly a plane, it takes a whole army." This is the message that the Air Force has chosen to pass through its new advertising campaign to recruit more than 2,000 people a year, the CAP to major schools, fifty trades pilot mechanics, to computer, handler, firefighter, air traffic controller, dog …

Of these 2000 appointments, about 700 relate to the ranks engaged (recruited at CAP / BEP) and a thousand non-commissioned officers.Side officers are recruited each year 70 graduates of the School of the air from -70 to 75% of them not start the job of pilot-, from 40 to 45 officers under contracts in the areas of strategy, HR … the language – and 30-50 pilots under contract selected on psycho-technical tests at the tray.

The Air Force, which operated until its communication campaigns in-house, has chosen this time to give it to Euro RSCG C & O. Which advertising agency had previously conducted a survey of young people. This shows that 15-25 year olds perceive the Air Force as an employer seeking essentially elitist profile experts and immediately operational.

"The Air Force is not as drivers! It is a chain of solidarity and skills that enable our pilots to take off, "insists General Jean-Paul Palomeros, Chief of Staff of the Air Force.We have a good image, but the public does not know in detail the career opportunities available, "he says, recalling the traditional role of" social elevator "played by the army.

Average age of 33 years

After a phase of downsizing, the Air Force into a logical flow stabilization recruitments and departures. Since 2008, as part of the reorganization of the armed forces, recorded in the general revision of public policies (RGPP) and the White Paper on defense, it has reduced its forces by 25%. It currently employs 60,000 people, with an average age of 33. "Recent operations in Libya and Afghanistan have demonstrated our expertise and we have refined our requirements in view of the evolution of our business," said General Jean-Paul Palomeros.Among the business to a point, intelligence research specialists to information systems, analysis of information and cyber defense.

Duly noted. The world of PC has failed to develop at the same time dedicated to business activities and those aimed at individuals. Léo Apotheker has decided to separate from its computers, tablets and smartphones, "knocked out Apple "in the words of one U.S. analyst.

The stock has also lost more than 20% at the opening of Wall Street on Friday.A heavy penalty for a major strategic shift and two ads that markets generally enjoy little HP is preparing to spend 10 billion dollars for the purchase of Autonomy, the UK's leading software, and provided that the split of its business PC would cost one billion dollars in restructuring costs.

Just like what IBM has done six years ago, HP has chosen to focus on the activities dedicated to businesses (services, servers, data storage, network), while maintaining the imaging and printing. This focus on the professional world seems "logical" in light of the past of its CEO. Léo Apotheker has spent over twenty years with the German software company SAP, which he directed for eight years. These are businesses that generate margins sharply higher than in hardware sales.In 2010, business services have made 57 billion dollars in sales with in the key, 8.7 billion of operating income. Opposite, the PC division, tablet and phone posted a turnover of 40 billion turnover, but only 2 billion loss.

By refocusing on activities "business," Leo Apotheker also takes the bet that he will develop the activities of data storage and servers. HP boss set including data analysis and cloud computing (computer services remotely) to raise. Competitors will be renamed the IBM, Oracle, Cisco and not Apple.

Consecration of the failure

The future of the PC division, mobile and tablet (PSG) remains uncertain. All scenarios are possible.A split, with a possible initial public offering that would make an independent business, but competition to apply. Redemption, we know the ambitions of China's Lenovo, which has already bought the PC division of IBM and wants to become world number one. Finally, pure and simple abandonment is also not excluded. This scenario is the worst, while HP has spent $ 25 billion a decade ago to buy Compaq and 1.8 billion last year for Palm. The group also invested in the revitalization of its software WebOS, and in the manufacture of tablets and smartphones with touchpad that just marketing. "In this area, not a sprint, it's a marathon," said Leo Apotheker, in an interview with Le Figaro, in late June. It seems that the runner will be out of breath from the first kilometer.

This is a milestone in the history of computing. The world's leading manufacturer of PC announced that it will withdraw from this activity. In making this decision, Leo Apotheker, CEO of HP, takes note of a double reality: the market has already switched to the HP tablets and missed that turn.

The boundary drawn between PCs and tablets no longer be needed. Laptops and the "Pad" or "Tab" to the same target audience. "The tablet is the ultimate mobile device. It will even be the first TV screen connected in homes and transportable, "predicts Christopher Aulnette, CEO of Netgem.

PC sales will continue to grow in the coming years, but at a slower pace. In the last quarter, they rose by only 2% worldwide and even dropped by 19% in Europe, according to the latest study by Gartner.PC sales have been hard hit by soaring sales of tablets. DisplaySearch fact of Apple the leading seller of laptops, PCs and by adding the shelves in the same category. HP is demoted to second place. "The slowdown in sales growth of PC is due to higher sales of tablets," said Richard Shim, senior analyst at DisplaySearch. So much so that by 2016 it is expected to sell more bars in the world of laptops. This is due to consumer demand. The PC market is still supported by demand from businesses.

The launch of the iPad, last year, PC makers were first considered this the emergence of a new market. They readily confined the tablet to the consultation content, reserving the game more "noble" computing, content creation, to the PC.It only took a few months to shake the certainties. On a daily basis, the consumer sends e-mails, watch videos, plays, reading a newspaper, surfing, photo sharing on the Internet … So many things that are perfectly feasible on a shelf, or even more easily than a laptop . Besides all uses brought by additional accessories such as holders for music.

While the tablets are not equipped with big hard drives capable of storing data. But Apple has already provided an answer to storage problems with icloud. All information can be stored on external servers. The only limit to access constantly, you need a connection worthy of the name.The tablet can connect at home Wi-Fi or outside the network via the Internet Mobile Broadband 3G.

An integrated model

Finally, the supply of tablets will continue to evolve, driven by competition among big players, Apple and Google, and their "challengers" Microsoft and RIM (BlackBerry).

"To exist on the consumer market for personal computers, must be able to sell PCs, tablets and smartphones, said Ranjit Atwal, an analyst at Gartner. The profits come from the ecosystem that results, not hardware sales. "Apple is the model. After developing the application store on iPhone and iPad, he extended the principle to the Mac.

As such, Leo Apotheker wanted to go too fast. He left no time to its operating system WebOS, or its application store, AppCatalog, to develop."The transition of a business model to another is not easy, and HP probably has overestimated the value of its brand among consumers," said Ranjit Atwal. In the last quarter, PC sales to individuals of HP fell 10%, while those companies grew by 20%.

Click the preview to enlarge the graphic.

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PhotoBox, the European leader in the development of images on the Internet, is expanding its universe. He acquired moonpig, the leading UK online sales of custom greeting cards. An Englishman sends on average 54 cards per year, against just 7 for the French!

Moonpig has shipped 12 million cards over the past 12 months, achieving a turnover of around 42 million euros. Photobox pays 136 million euros, provided by 83 different investment funds.

Photobox develops over a million prints per day and achieved a turnover of 80 million euros in 2010 cash advance flexible payments. The European market of the photo is estimated at 3 billion euros. The e-merchants hold third, and try to stand out from the mass distribution by customizing products."By combining these two profitable companies, leaders in their market, we reach a critical size in the custom publishing market," said Stanislas Laurent, CEO of Photobox.

Nicolas Sarkozy will spend a studious summer. A few months ago, he has charge of informal working groups on topics floor (education, territories and sustainable development, economy and taxation, sovereign issues, social and health) that make up the backbone of the UMP candidate in the election présidentelle 2012 – himself, most likely!

These groups of experts (government officials, economists …) come after the first step. Each placed under the supervision of a consultant or former consultant of the Elysee, they will submit their ideas before the summer break with Bruno Le Maire. Which will compile and groom work for what will happen to the presidential draft. The group "economy and taxation", under the leadership of the Economic Adviser to the Head of State, Emmanuel Moulin (and involving senior officials and former de Bercy or the Elysee), has completed its proposals.These, contained in a document 54 pages – a note and fact sheets – which has acquired Le Figaro, were particularly aims to make France "a land of output and growth."

What remains for now a discussion paper accepts some ideas: no increase in the tax burden, tax system more "tailored" to strengthen the competitiveness of the country and a crop of some mechanisms that have resulted in "abuse during the crisis. "To address these three issues, which could form the basis of the discourse on tax policy – and should be "accompanied by a clear discourse on respect for the path of public finances set after the crisis" – the group work presents a series of proposals.

To put the economy at the service of production, experts recommend a reduction in social contributions on labor, with a device resembling a social VAT.The prospective candidate will be "persist on rigorous economic solution, but unattractive in view of lower employer contributions and VAT hike" or "dress reform a measure of purchasing power" by lowering premiums weighing on employees – an option that would nevertheless "a risk of inflation due to wage claims."

Minimum Tax

The increase in VAT will it take several forms: a general increase in the rate of 5 points, "the simplest measure to the highest yield" and / or establishing an intermediate rate, 8% example, to submit to all goods and services today at the reduced rate of 5.5%. The document also discusses the creation of a higher rate for some luxury goods (high-end cars, some jewelry, horses, tobacco, etc.)..The measure "would be symbolic for many French and would develop a discourse on tax justice," it said. It would also have the advantage of being "tax on land still largely untapped by the current government."

On the front of a tax document refers to "measures of fairness" and "a contribution of all": the introduction of a minimum tax and / or arrow (which would allow taxpayers to "decide the allocation of a fraction of the tax "), measures antidélocalisations, a balance between large and small companies corporation tax, etc.. Dismissing any "big night" on tax loopholes, the task force recommends, however, to continue the grooming started by the government.

Incidentally, the document provides a trial incompetence of the left and list the arguments to counter the key measures of the economic program of socialism.Experts speak out against the merger including the income tax with the CSG, "contrary to our values ​​and irresponsible," and against the withholding.

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On Thursday morning, the Paris Bourse continued its rebound, as Asian markets. The Cac 40, which ended yesterday evening in a small increase remains in effect in the green (0.46% to 3947.03 points to 10.30) while China is flying to the rescue of the euro area by purchasing debt securities issued by the IMF for Portugal. The improvement is mainly due to the upward revision of growth forecast in the U.S. and the euro area by the OECD yesterday.

In the eurozone, several declarations have resulted in a relaxation of risk aversion associated with the debt crisis. "First, the remarks made by Jean-Claude Juncker, President of the Eurogroup, suggested that ads for Greece could be made next week," says one at CM-CIC.

While the G8 summit opens in Deauville today, it will include questions to estimate the financial assistance provided to Egypt and Tunisia for their democratic transition. Moreover, speculation will go well on the nomination of Christine Lagarde at the IMF management. Moreover, for Greece, the German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble said that Europeans had "not exhausted scenarios to support" the country, and found that debt restructuring has "significant risk."

Meanwhile, this Thursday, we follow the important economic figures:

• The French consumer confidence picked up slightly in May thanks to a receding fears of unemployment and inflation, shows Thursday monthly survey by INSEE. The composite indicator of consumer confidence is up one point to 84.Seventeen analysts and economists surveyed by Reuters on average expected a figure unchanged from April 83.

• Same time, figures on real estate in Paris and Ile-de-France in the first quarter, volumes and prices, and the prospects of Notaries of France were unveiled: the existing housing in Paris had reached an average the 8000 euros in the second quarter.

• In the U.S., at 14.30, we expect the deuxème estimate of GDP in the first quarter, and the traditional weekly claims for unemployment benefits.

On the currency front, after an air hole which brought him under the $ 1.40 yesterday, the euro and takes up 0.67% to 1.4177 dollars on Thursday morning at 8 o'clock.Oil, he, also incorporates height and handles more than $ 100 in New York.

Pierre et Vacances: heavy loss

Side companies, Eurazeo (-6.09% to 53.55 euros) sign the heaviest decline beyond Paris stock exchange after its decision to increase its share capital.

CGG Veritas jumps him from 3.08% to 26.11 euros. CA Cheuvreux has built value in Thursday's shopping list strengths. The broker was already at "outperform" on the title.

The group of real estate and leisure Pierre et Vacances Thursday posted an increased loss of 16.8% in first half of its fiscal year offset, dug by the extra costs to plan for business transformation, and anticipates growth in sales business in the second half.

France Telecom (+0.25% to 15.75 euros) and Canal + have given up the movie channels merge Orange (France Telecom) and TPS Star (Canal +) in a joint venture, La Tribune reported Thursday.

Saint-Gobain (0.67% to 44.49 euros) and its shareholder Wendel (1.25% to 83.23 euros) set the framework for their relations for 10 years.Wendel will not exceed 21.5% of the capital of Saint-Gobain.

According to the Financial Times, banks and hedge fund with Societe Generale (0.43% to 42.28 euros) leader, reportedly sold financial products to 3.5 billion euros in the Libyan sovereign fund that led to heavy losses, estimated by 30%.

Five candidates whose French Axa (1.27% to 14.75 euros) and CNP (0.65% to 13.88 euros) are still competing to buy Emeklilik-Deniz, the Turkish subsidiary of the insurance Franco-Belgian banking group Dexia (, said Thursday the newspaper Les Echos without citing its sources.

A major shareholders manager nursing homes Korian (+0.42% at 16.75 euros), the holding Batipart family Ruggieri, took 9.5% of the rival group Medica (2.69 % to 15.25 euros) for an undisclosed sum.

NYSE Euronext, a target of a takeover offer of 10.2 billion Deutsche Börse, is hoping to draw on its platform listing more Chinese groups this year in 2010, told Reuters quotes the head of international The transatlantic exchange operator.

LDC (+0.34% at 73.75 euros), the poultry producer, reported Wednesday a 24% decline in net profit for its fiscal year 2010/2011, to 47.8 million euros, penalized by higher raw material prices and restructuring costs. The company said it expects more than 100 million of capital expenditure in 2011-2012.

Vergnet (0.43% to 4.70 euros). The manufacturer's shareholders approved Wednesday the wind coming from the Strategic Investment Fund (ISF) and the Breton group Nass & Wind capital of the company.The ISP and Nass & Wind, specializing in the production of green electricity, announced in mid-April their plans to invest 18 million euros in Vergnet.

Faurecia, Capgemini, Natixis and Legrand hold their general meeting Thursday. Derichebourg publish its results for the second quarter after market close.