It has not seen such a performance nearly a month and a half. The CAC 40 is to chain up four consecutive sessions, which saw the index rise by 5.25% in Paris. A month ago, he had recorded six consecutive sessions of up to a total gain of 5.73%. And the CAC 40 is on course to match or exceed that performance. "If the U.S. unemployment figures are bad, I think the markets will fall heavily and not only Friday, but next week," said one analyst. "But the reverse is also true," he added. The CAC 40 rose 0.49% to 3690.30 points in mid route.

Wall Street closed due to "Labor Day"

Anyway, the CAC 40 should, like the Asian markets, thus starting the week on a good note, after the U.S. unemployment figures, less bad than expected.But this note could be shy, because of the close of trading on Wall Street (due to Labor Day) and the absence of macroeconomic significance. The meeting could be rather quiet on Monday. A meeting between EU finance ministers in Brussels is expected to strengthen the stability pact and economic governance.

The bank benefits from the renewed optimism

It is the same on the microeconomic front. Only the results of the first half of BioMerieux the program: the diagnostics specialist announced a first-half profit rose 4% to 72.1 million euros and confirmed its full-year organic growth (6%) and margin operational (between 17% and 18%) in 2010.The shares climbed 2.92% to 83.21 euros.

In this context a bit more optimistic due to unemployment figures U.S. banking stocks are well oriented: BNP Paribas gained 0.97% to 53.99 euro, Societe Generale was up 0.86% to 44.75 euros and Credit Agricole shows a gain of 1.24% to 11.02 euros.

Around 9:40, the three largest increases CAC 40 are Suez Environnement (2.69% to 13.35 euros) and Veolia Environnement (2.28% to 19.74 euros)

Laughs Natixis, Dexia and Lagardère cry

Friday evening, the Scientific Council of indices for the Paris Bourse has announced that Natixis and Publicis will integrate the CAC 40, from 20 September. For the company headed by Maurice Levy, it is a return: the group of advertising methods had already been part of the CAC 40 between 2004 and 2006 guaranteed payday loan.If Natixis rises 5.27% at the Paris Stock Exchange to 4.66 euros, the rise of Publicis is more limited: + 1.39% to 34.91 euros. The two companies will display two of the three most significant rise in the CAC Next 20.

The two companies replace digitally Dexia (-1.71% to 3.38 euros) and Lagardere (-1.72% to 28.25 euros), which appeared in the CAC 40 since 1999 and 1994 respectively. They join the CAC Next 20, that is to say, the main hall of the Paris stock exchange index. Dexia Lagardere are the two largest declines the CAC 40 with LVMH (-0.70% to 97.43 euros), after the Paris Court of Appeal reduced the fine that eBay scoop 38 to 5.7 million.LVMH must repay more than 32 million euros.

Dexia and Lagardere will be replaced in the CAC Next 20 Atos Origin (-0.17% to 32.79 euros) and Land Regions (-0.29% to 76.50 euros).

Boiron: Trading suspended

Areva (0.47% to 326 euros) is still grappling with Siemens, as part of the output of the German capital of the company chaired by Anne Lauvergeon.

Sanofi-Aventis (+0.30% at 46.87 euros) would be willing to slightly increase its proposal to $ 69 per share on Genzyme, the biotechnology company if willing to negotiate, Dow Jones reported on Sunday.

PSA Peugeot Citroen (-0.23% to 21.78 euros) has started building a new factory in China with its partner Dongfeng Motor, China's export and thought from 2011, said Saturday he responsible for Asia.

Nissan, Renault (+0.06% at 34.45 euros) holds 44.3%, was willing to ally with Chinese automakers in the field of electric cars.

Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez on Saturday approved the payment of 690 million dollars (535 million euros) Casino (1.98% to 67.92 euros) and other shareholders of the supermarket chain Exito nationalized in January.

Also note that the rating action Boiron was suspended Monday on the Paris market at the request of the company and pending a statement to be published that day. The title has been suspended from 25.35 euros. On 31 August, the homeopathic laboratory has reported a net semi-annual 5.13 million euros in fall of 62.4% compared to first quarter 2009. What had caused the fall of stock prices by 8% the next day.

Wage discrimination between men and women has been the subject of numerous reports. That between heterosexuals and homosexuals had never been studied. Until today. Two economists from the University of Evry have considered this matter and found a gap of 6.5% on average in the private sector and 5.5% year on public Liberation reported Saturday. A result based on a sample of 904 cases.

This difference was found "all things being equal", the newspaper said, that is to say, qualifications and duties equal, in businesses of similar size, etc.. "After dismissing all the biases that could distort the results, we arrive at a pay gap is said unexplained", explains Thierry Laurent, co-authored the study with Ferhat Mihoubi. Only males are affected by this discrimination. The lesbians do not suffer any apparent loss of wages "unexplained".

This discrimination does not affect all gays with the same force. The less educated and the young could be less discriminated against, while the widening gap with the qualifications and experience. As a percentage of the "visibility" of an employee within the company, analyze the two economists. The young staff are more secure, with little "visible" for competitive examination.

"Marriage premium"

The results of the study are close to the observed differences in wages abroad, but it must include "marriage premium" observed in France. A married man will win because on average 4% more than a single. Homosexuals can not have access to marriage, they are doubly penalized.In the U.S., according to a study published in October 2007 and based on the study of 91,000 cases, a gay employee earns an average 23% less than heterosexual married counterparts.

In France, these wage differentials are explained, the two authors argue, by homophobia. "A CSA poll conducted in March 2009, said Liberation, revealed that 28% of private sector employees do not feel" very comfortable "with the fact that their colleague is gay.

Meanwhile measure the effects of the broad financial reform approved by Congress, the giants of Wall Street continued their slow recovery. Citigroup, which had managed to exit the first quarter of 2010 after losing a total of $ 29 billion between 2008 and 2009, has confirmed his return to profits between March and June The third U.S. lender has reported net earnings of $ 2.7 billion, down 37% over a year. For its part, Bank of America, the first U.S. retail bank, posted net income of $ 3.1 billion, a slight decrease of 4%. The day before, JPMorgan had announced a profit of 4.8 billion, up 76%.

If the performance of these three giants of Wall Street have exceeded the expectations of financial analysts, they are far from convincing.The banks, in effect, save their profits fall in provisions for doubtful debts, which remain however very high levels. At Citigroup, they have a charge of $ 6.7 billion, the lowest in almost three years. For Bank of America, the drain $ 8.1 billion against $ 9.8 billion in the first quarter and still $ 16.4 billion a year ago pay day loan lenders.

Less capital raising

More than three years after the start of the crisis in the housing, the improvement of conditions in the shy USA relieves borrowers. But business remains sluggish, as evidenced by the decrease in revenues of large banks: – 33% for Citigroup – 18% for Bank of America – 7% for JPMorgan. The great challenge for these players is to reach boost their sales."It will be several more quarters to see a sustainable activity," warns Brian Moynihan, the CEO of Bank of America.

Last year, the Wall Street banks had managed to offset the gloom with an exceptional year in the investment bank, with capital raising records. Alas, this windfall is gone and instead the second quarter under the sign of the crisis of European sovereign countries was characterized by high volatility and lower risk appetite. This scenario weighs on commissions and revenue from emissions trading.

The tone rises between the administration of Barack Obama and BP. The head of the American branch of the oil company, Lamar McKay, said Tuesday at a hearing in Congress, he refused to promise the creation of an escrow account to compensate victims of oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico. The $ 20 billion has been raised in a letter to the CEO of BP, Tony Hayward. "I am not able to tell if an account is established or not," said Lamar McKay. "I can not commit, either one way or the other"

The idea had been raised by the White House. Several members of Congress while announcing their desire to put pressure on BP to put it in receivership on payment of its dividend in order to ensure compensation for victims of the disaster, compared to a "September 11th green" by Barack Obama.

According to the White House press secretary, Robert Gibbs, is already preparing the risposta in the Oval Office. Barack Obama will "be forced either to reach an agreement with BP to withdraw their control of the process of claims and entrusted to an independent structure, so that people who have been harmed to obtain the money they is due, "said the spokesman. The administration is based on the polluter pays law in force in the United States, which requires BP to pay the costs of plugging the leak of oil, cleaning the polluted coastline and compensation for victims.Traveling in Pensacola Beach, Florida, Bush assured the residents affected by the oil spill that would "whatever it takes, as long as it takes to be sure that BP is paying for the damage that it has caused.

An oration

President Barack Obama has formally addressed his countrymen on Tuesday at 8:00 p.m. (2:00 am, Paris time). He will be speaking from the Oval Office of the White House, space reserved for the most serious crises and whom he'd never used a speech to the nation.

A senior, Bush will announce the appointment of a person responsible for restoring long-term disaster areas by the oil spill that pollutes the Gulf of Mexico. The "czar" as the American press dubbed the mission will be to "restore the Gulf of Mexico.Not to where it was the day when the accident occurred. But to restore it to where it was years ago: to increase the life and vitality of the species, wildlife and natural beauty that characterizes the Gulf of Mexico, "said Robert Gibbs.

Barack Obama will set out above "the need to reduce our dependence vis-a-vis oil and fossil fuels. He will also discuss the "changes necessary for such a disaster never happens again more. According to an anonymous source, the U.S. president will "present the measures taken to protect those who suffer financially from this disaster, especially during the process of compensation."

"The tragedy was avoidable

Under pressure, BP must also face competition that dares to push it."I am convinced that the independent investigation will show that this tragedy was preventable," and called John Watson, head of oil company Chevron to members of the Committee on Energy and Commerce House of Representatives. The explosion and the sinking of the platform in late April Deepwater Horizon "show once again that all companies must work under the same strict safety and reliability. It is obvious that not following these rules has serious consequences, "he added.

"It is imperative that an investigation expert, impartial and comprehensive investigation takes place, because this incident represents a serious breach of standards relating to offshore drilling, for his part stressed the boss of ExxonMobil, Rex Tillerson .

In addition to the Chevron boss and ExxonMobil, ConocoPhillips and Shell were present. Facing them, Lamar McKay attempted to defend his group."I want to make things clear: BP will know no rest until the wells will not be under control and that we do not understand what happened," he said.

Ficth puts his two cents

BP has several weeks to manage its bad reputation. The group would also relies on advisers to help him. The efforts required will be considerable, especially since the rating agency Fitch has come to contribute to the debate on Tuesday, lowering the notches of six notes of the British major. The latter is now BBB AA cons. Fitch maintains it under "surveillance implications". The rating agency is particularly concerned that BP may be forced by U.S. authorities to place large sums into accounts in receivership.This is the first time that the note of BP is lowered several notches by the three leading rating agencies worldwide and it falls below the AA.

At the London Stock Exchange, BP shares ended the session on a further drop of 3.78% to 342 pence while the FTSE close up on 0.30%. In New York, the action is able to earn 2.18% to 31.31 dollars during the session on a market up 1.22%.

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Blow to Vivendi. According to the newspaper Valor Economico, the French group headed by Jean-Bernard Levy had committed irregularities in the acquisition of the Brazilian telecom operator GVT. According to information from the newspaper, without citing its sources, Vivendi did not inform the "appropriate investors." The supervisory authority of the Brazilian markets, CVM believes that the French government carried out an operation "bad faith" after starting last November a tender offer for 100% stake in GVT.

Vivendi is in fact suspected of violating securities regulations in skewing his information to markets, and other pretenders to the redemption of this Brazilian Telecom Operator.He allegedly claimed to hold a controlling stake in the capital of GVT as he had in fact acquired option contracts on the title of Brazilian online payday advance. Vivendi would have claimed a victory before actually winning the race.

The group first acquired 53% of GVT for 2.2 billion dollars, then gradually took total control of the Brazilian operator to four billion dollars. The transaction closed in late April after a fierce battle with Spain's Telefonica.

The Market Authority has not confirmed this information. A spokesman said that the CVM agency had issued no press since its announcement in March that it was opening an investigation into Vivendi for possible irregularities.

If fraud is proved, Vivendi would afflict a large fine by the Brazilian stock Constable.According to the daily Valor, it would be at least 1.3 billion euros.

After a year 2009 more than difficult, Natixis confirmed at the beginning of 2010, renewed glimpsed at the end of last year. The bank has indeed registered the first three months of 2010 its third consecutive profitable quarter, up from 464 million euros.The group confirmed its target of a net banking income more than 6 billion in 2010, according to a statement issued after-hours trade Tuesday.

Net revenue (equivalent to sales) reached 1.63 billion euros, up 28%, and Natixis confirmed its revenue target of more than 6 billion for the whole year.

As the fourth quarter of 2009, the portfolio of illiquid assets of more than thirty billion inherited from the crisis has only slightly affected the result (-16 million euros).

BPCE: Exposure to Greece to 2.1 billion euros

The parent company Natixis, BPCE, published a group net profit of 1.01 billion euros in first quarter 2010 against a loss of 1.149 billion euros in the same period a year ago.Its revenues rose 64% to 5.973 billion euros in the first quarter against 3.641 billion euros in the first quarter 2009 paydayloans.

In a statement issued last Thursday, the group announced that its BPCE exposure to Greece package totaled 2.1 billion euros, of which 882 million euros through its subsidiary Natixis. BPCE exposed to 1.4 million euros to the Greek sovereign debt and Natixis to 160 million euros.In contrast, private debt is fully supported by Natixis to the tune of 722 million euros.

BPCE: 25 billion euros of GDP by 2013

The group aims BPCE net banking income of 25 billion euros by end-2013 from two thirds of the commercial banking business and insurance and third trades Natixis.

At the Paris Stock Exchange, Natixis closed down 0.82% to 3.75 euros in a market down by 0.73%.

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MEPs call last Tuesday and Wednesday on the reform of Chambers of Commerce and Industry. The text provides enhanced regional giving more weight to the 22 regional chambers, leaving a major initiative to 126 local chambers attached to them. Both supporters and opponents battled for months. The elected officials of small rooms were afraid of losing their freedom. The Board of Paris wanted a status recognizing the specificity of the Paris region. She satisfaction. The Chairmen of the Boards of nine major cities (Lille, Lyon, Marseille, Nantes, Strasbourg, Bordeaux, Nice, Toulouse, Paris), grouped in the Association of Metropolitan ICC, asking for adjustments taking into account the local government reform. "I auditioned more than 50 personalities.The text has found a good balance, "says Catherine Vautrin, UMP deputy from the Marne rapporteur of the bill reforming the consular network and vice-president of the National Assembly.

LE FIGARO .- Members consider the draft law reforming chambers of commerce and industry. That will change this reform?

Jean Francois-BERNARDIN. – The necessary reform has been the subject of much discussion and wide consultation within the ICC network. To better meet the needs of businesses, this innovative reform aims to combine the emergence of regional and maintaining the territorial proximity. Hence the establishment of chambers of region and territorial chambers.This balanced reform, thanks also to the work of Parliament, is sufficiently flexible to allow each region based on its individual merits, to decide what it wants to pool at the regional and local store.

The chambers can pool resources such as general computer, payroll, legal services at the regional level, policy coordination heavy training or support to the world, while remaining firmly rooted in the departments. The innovations of territorial chambers can more easily be generalized to the national and regional level.Finally, the reform will provide businesses with seamless service quality throughout the territory.

The new elected regional chambers they decide everything?

But the new elected chambers in the region are also those who will lead the ICC territorial! The reform granting them a great capacity for initiative. The chamber region collect tax revenues paid by businesses. His elect will redistribute this money to the needs of territorial chambers, but also in terms of collective projects of ITC in the region.

The contributions paid by businesses will they drop?

The reform is partly about! We have stated repeatedly that we were ready to lower our tax burden by 10% in five years personal loans for people with bad credit.Is a serious commitment. If everybody did the same …

The government wants more. Can you do this drop in three years?

We do not refuse to do better. We are discussing with the government. We must find the most cost-effective. If you reduce your revenue by 20% and efficiency 50%, no one wins anything. We hope there will be a real impact study before any decision to avoid budget that we are forced to cut services useful to businesses.

A drop too much she would staff reductions?

We do not want layoffs, no more than the government.That's why we're fighting on the pace of implementation of the reform and reduction of our revenue.

The reorganization does it have consequences for employees of the rooms?

The staff of territorial chambers should be legally attached to the chambers of region from 2013. The presidents and the Director General of the ICC will retain territorial obviously command responsibility. The reform will create new opportunities for employees of ICC and regional authorities in their region.

How long will the upgrade does?

There will be no big bang day after the vote on reform by the Parliament. This reform represents a new stage of our modernization. It will take three years, five years or more to produce its full effect. We are determined to go as quickly as possible.The modernization of the Ministry of Economy, which begins to bear fruit, began a decade ago.

The Paris Chamber of Commerce wants the reform to be adapted to the needs of a world class capital. Have you found a common ground?

The bill provides that the Paris area has eight rooms grouped in a single departmental public institution in the region. The eight rooms have the same missions near the territorial chambers.

The number of rooms will he fall?

This movement, which is already underway, will continue. We've gone from 167 to 148 rooms, and soon 126 at the end of the year. Nord – Pas-de-Calais had 12 rooms, it does have more than 4.

Our goal, broadly speaking, a room for departments to keep close with companies.But the condition of maintaining this proximity is to accept to play collective regional level.

When the elections took place?

The prime minister and our minister, Herve Novelli, want elections to take place before the end of the year. This will probably start in December because it is time for our network to focus on the essential: the support of our businesses and our territories.

The U.S. treasury secretary, Timothy Geithner, an official visit to India, made a surprise on Wednesday by announcing he was going to Beijing today to meet with Wang Qishan, Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs. The move was kept secret until the last moment. But the timing of Americans is carefully timed.

They want, and Europeans with them, the Chinese revalue as soon as possible their currency, the yuan, which they believe deliberately manipulated and undervalued by the government to help exporters in the Middle Kingdom.

Beijing denies it. "China has never used this alleged manipulation to try to make a profit in international trade," Jiang said again Tuesday, the spokesman for the Foreign Ministry.

The standoff lasted for months, but today the United States understands that China will not want to lose any face. So they are reaching him.

The last weekend, the same Timothy Geithner, who, ironically, was the first to talk about spin in January 2009, decided to postpone indefinitely the publication of a report, scheduled April 15, which would place at the Chinese on the spot (our editions of April 5). Better, in India he pleaded on television for one yuan, which "assume over time a wider international role."

Widening the floating band

Why the turnaround? Because Americans know that the Chinese are themselves driven to revalue their currency.It is necessary to restore purchasing power to households, boost domestic consumption and allow the latter to take over from exports can no longer be its sole source of growth.

In China itself, more and more voices are also heard in favor of a readjustment of the currency. After several officials of the central bank, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has clearly outlined Wednesday a yuan appreciation.

And for his part, Ba Shusong, an economist at the Financial Research Institute, near the Chinese government estimated a few days ago that indexing the yuan to the dollar was an "emergency measure doomed to disappear."

Beijing may expand the first band in which he floated the yuan against the greenback.Today at 0.5% above or below the level of the dollar, this band could rapidly increase to 1%, before considering a stall.

Chinese President Hu Jintao should have the opportunity to talk with his U.S. counterpart, Barack Obama 12 or April 13 on the sidelines of an international summit on nuclear security in Washington.

But now, in Beijing, voices are heard to say that the decision r??valauer the yuan has actually been taken in high places.

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As he finished 2009 with growth of 6% while it had begun with a fall of 14.5% in the first quarter, Turkey began a spectacular end to the crisis that has been entered in the recession a year ago. For 2010, the IMF puts growth in Turkish head of those emerging countries.

It has these good results and promising of these forecasts, the Turkish prime minister's visit to France, boast of the advantages of its economy. Over two hundred French entrepreneurs must meet Recep Tayyip Erdogan Medef Wednesday afternoon.

France is the second largest foreign investor in Turkey, with 593 million euros invested in 2009, while Renault has traditionally absorbs about a quarter. All the major French companies now rely on the potential of the 17th world economy.Leroy Merlin opened last week its first store in Bursa, a city in the West, Alcatel has opened a research and development center in Istanbul in March, Accor already has eight hotels and Axa is the first insurance company .

The weak link of the French presence remains that of SMEs. Only 40% of the 325 French companies are SMEs, disability compared to the Germans or Italians. However, "intensive trade between the chambers of commerce and regional partnerships are being put in place," says Raphael Esposito, director of the French Chamber of Commerce in Turkey Guaranteed payday loans.The environment sector looks particularly promising: the investment required for compliance with European standards is estimated at 70 billion euros in the next decade.

GDF ranks in Istanbul

Last year, bilateral trade totaled nearly 10 billion euros – the goal is to reach 15 billion euros in 2012 – and France became the 6th supplier of Turkey and its second largest client. "The sales volume has risen despite the crisis, welcomed a Turkish businessman T?siad member of the influential business association. Tensions are benefits and political tensions between the two countries save us. " In 2006, a bill to criminalize denial of Armenian genocide triggered a boycott of hexagonal Turkey.Paris's opposition to its entry into the European Union is still felt in the public tenders. Gaz de France is in line for the privatization of gas distribution network of Istanbul. But it is the Koreans who have signed a preliminary agreement in March to build the first nuclear power plant in Turkey.

Finally, the Franco-Turkish partnership in third countries represent a new avenue of cooperation. The French can benefit from the settlement of Turks in the Middle East and Central Asia and the Turks take advantage of the French presence in North Africa.

After a session with no real trend on Monday (0.07% to 10,205.02 points), Asian stock markets resume upward trend Tuesday. The Nikkei 225 ended the session sharply higher by 1.63%, driven by gains on Wall Street yesterday, the relative stability of the yen and the revival of the Toyota shares after the announcement of a cure his technical problem. At the close, the Nikkei 225 index of blue chips gained 166.07 points (1.63%) to receive at 10,371.09 points.The broader Topix index of all securities in the first table has taken his side 14.21 points (1.58%) to 912.82 points in a market where activity has yet revealed quite low, with 1.88 billion shares traded on the market first.

Japanese carmaker Toyota said Monday that the pieces to solve the problem of having pedal forced to recall millions of cars in the world begin to arrive in Europe "next week".

The U.S. and European stock markets have led the way Monday, the Dow Jones, the CAC 40, FTSE 100 and Dax gaining 30 respectively 1.18%, 0.60%, 1.14%, 0.81%.

Rising commodity prices including gold and oil strongly favors trading companies and oil companies. While the weaker yen against the dollar makes exporting values to increase.The dollar goes back into effect at 90.84 yen.

The oil companies and trading companies benefit

The export values are not to be outdone, Canon Inc. gained 2.7% to 3610 yen, Sony Corp. takes 3.3% to 3160 yen and Kyocera progressed by 2.1% to 8320 yen payday loans .

Regards, Toyota Motor Corp., which has been battered recently on Tuesday, the share jumped from 5.5% to 3640 yen after the announcement of the detailed plan of repair of vehicles recalled by the manufacturer.

The oil companies are the big winners include the results better than expected Exxon published yesterday on Wall Street. The refiner, Nippon Oil gained 5.3% to 441 yen and Nippon Mining Holdings, whose principal activities include oil refining rose 5.2% to 407 yen. Cosmo Oil takes 2.6% to 200 yen. The tanker Inpex was up 2.3%.Sumitomo Metal Mining Co. gained 1.5%.

Trading companies also take their game well, Mitsui & Co climbed 3.8% to 1342 yen, Mitsubishi Corp jumped 4.5% to 2237 yen and Itochu Corpb rose 2.9% to 709 yen.

Among the values sharply down, the action of Tecmo Koei Holdings Manufacturer of video games fell 9.5% to 630 yen after the announcement of a delay in the launch of some key games such as "Quantum Theory" and of lowering its forecast for annual operating profit by 97%.

From the financial side, Nomura Holdings (+1.6%) announced Tuesday for the third quarter, a third positive quarterly result in a row. Between October and December, net profit reached 10.2 billion yen (77 million euros).

Softbank gained 3.8%.The telecommunications group introduced on Tuesday a net profit for the first three quarters of fiscal 2009/2010 to 94.86 billion yen (711 million euros), up 63% over one year. A result supported by the mobile business.